Depression

 


What is Depression? Clinical depression is a serious disorder that affects the way a person thinks, feels, and behaves. In contrast to normal grief, clinical depression persists, often impairs one's ability to find or expect happiness, and severely disrupts functioning in everyday life. If left untreated, symptoms can last for weeks, months, or years; and if not treated properly, depression can lead to serious health problems, other health issues, and, in some cases, suicide.

Signs and Symptoms of Depression; A person is diagnosed with severe depression when they have at least five symptoms listed for two weeks in a row. At least one of the five symptoms should be a state of depression or a loss of interest or pleasure. Symptoms include The state of depression most of the day, significantly reduced interest or excitement in daily activities, almost daily, changes in diet that lead to weight loss or non-dietary benefits, changes in sleep patterns, exhaustion or increased fatigue, uncomfortable or irritability, feelings of anxiety, feelings of worthlessness, helplessness, or hopelessness and thoughts of dying or attempting suicide.

Depression is more common in women than in men. About 20 percent of women will experience at least one episode of depression for the rest of their lives. Scientists are exploring the many possible causes and factors that contribute to an increased risk of depression in women. Biology, life cycle, hormonal and psychological, and social factors that differ from women may be linked to higher levels of depression in women. Researchers have shown, for example, that hormones affect brain chemistry, affecting emotions and mood.

Before puberty, both girls and boys experience depression at times. During adolescence, however, girls are more likely to be depressed than boys. Research identifies several possible causes for this inequality. The biological and hormonal changes that occur during puberty may contribute to the dramatic increase in depression rates among adolescent girls. In addition, studies have suggested that girls are more likely to continue feeling worse than boys after experiencing difficult situations or events, indicating that they are more prone to depression.

Postpartum depression; Women are particularly vulnerable to depression after giving birth when hormonal and physical changes and the new responsibility of caring for a newborn can be overwhelming. Many new mothers experience a brief episode of mild mood changes known as the “baby blues.” These symptoms usually dissipate by the 10th day. Depression Later in life; For older adults experiencing depression for the first time in life, other factors, such as changes in brain or body function, may play a role. For example, older adults may suffer from limited blood flow, a condition called ischemia. They may strengthen and prevent blood flow to other parts of the body, including the brain. When this happens, an older person who has no family or personal history of depression may be what some doctors call “vascular depression.” Those with coronary heart disease may be at risk for chronic heart diseases, such as heart disease or stroke.

What are the Efforts underway to treat depression? Researchers are looking for ways to better understand, diagnose and treat depression among all groups of people. Studying strategies for personalized stress care, such as identifying individual traits that predict what treatments may work, is an important goal.

What is the most promising treatment of depression? The ability of ketamine to produce a quick and effective response to stress with a completely novel machine is considered by many experts to be the most important discovery in the field of depression in 50 years. Originally developed as a painkiller, ketamine is an antagonist of the NMDA receptor in a set of brain cells. It usually produces immediate (within hours) antidepressant actions in patients who have failed to respond to standard antidepressants. Ketamine is psychologically active and has potentially harmful side effects; has a history of abuse as a street drug. Studies aimed at revealing how ketamine works faster and more effectively in depressed people may have led to the guidance of safe and long-lasting novels and agents and may reverse the treatment of depression. Many BBRF supplements support this work, including a number that is trying to develop ketamine analogs - compounds that act like ketamine but have no side effects.

What could be more effective treatments of Depression? Treatment for chronic depression is usually treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). ECT has been modified to avoid previously associated pain and is a very effective and immediate treatment for chronic stress. Too bad it works by stressing the brain and can disrupt memory. Its therapeutic benefits may also fade with time. New ways of rejuvenating the brain also provide an opportunity for relaxation. This technology exploits the fact that the brain is an organ of electricity: it responds to electrical and magnetic stimulation to repair brain regions and alter brain function. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), developed by Drs. Mark George, with the support of NARSAD grants, was approved by the FDA in 2008 as a treatment for some chronic depression. RTMS is a rare form of coil held in the target area of ​​the brain. The magnetic field passes through the skull to operate the proper brain circuit and no vibration is caused. Deep brain stimulation (DBS), a process adapted to treat depression by Drs. Helen Mayberg, with the help of NARSAD resources, works with electrodes implanted deep in the brain. Another method, vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), stimulates the vagus nerve in the neck to function by treating brain function. Magnetic seizure therapy (MST) combines rTMS and ECT to achieve a safe type of seizure treatment. Recently, the Foundation at the University of Pittsburgh successfully tested a small number of patients with drug-resistant depression, found subtle metabolic deficiencies, and successfully treated this. In one patient group, cerebral folate deficiency was treated by giving folinic acid. The symptoms of depression in patients are greatly reduced when these metabolic disorders are treated. For some people, depression reached a point of relief.

 Samina Zaheer (Health Care, Healthy, Health Tips)

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